Dr. Cross's Credentials

The following is Dr. Cross's current curriculum vitae.

SELECTED OCCUPATIONAL HISTORY

• Clinic Director, Chiropractor, Alan D. Cross, D.C., P.C., Tucson, AZ, 1995-Present
• Chiropractor, First Chiropractic of Tucson, Tucson, AZ, 1997-2002

EDUCATION AND LICENSURE

• Doctor of Chiropractic, Licensed in the State of Arizona, License 5368, 1995-Present
• Doctorate of Chiropractic, Palmer Chiropractic College, Davenport IA, 1994
• Bachelor of Science, Palmer Chiropractic College, Davenport IA, 1994
• National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part I, 1991
• National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part II, 1993
• National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part III, 1994

SELECTED POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION

• Ethics, Documentation and Research, Primary Spine Care, Maintaining ethical Interprofessional relationships based upon an evidenced based practice inclusive of triage, diagnostics and reporting. Creating thorough documentation that reflects your complete findings encompassing descriptive ICD-10 codes and concludes the presence or absence of pathology. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, Long Island, NY 2017
• Bio-Neuro-Mechanical Lesions and Spine Care, Primary Spine Care, Mechanoreceptor, proprioceptor, nociceptor innervation and control of the spinal system with central nervous system action and interaction. The integration of the pain processing network and the HPA Axis (hypothalamus, adrenal and pituitary) with the chiropractic spinal adjustment. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, Long Island, NY 2017
• Connective Tissue Pathology and Research, Primary Spine Care, Utilization in spinal models considering the opioid abuse and various spinal models in contemporary health care. Care paths for mechanical spine pain and the evidence for conservative chiropractic care. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, Long Island, NY 2017
• Connective Tissue Spinal Disc Permanent Pathology, Primary Spine Care, Herniated, bulged, protruded and extruded discs, etiology and morphology. Age-dating disc pathology inclusive of Modic changes, piezoelectric effect, Wolff’s Law and radicular clinical presentation.Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, Long Island, NY 2017
• Interprofessional Hospital Based Spine Care, Trends in hospital and emergent care in the healthcare delivery system inclusive of policies, hospital staffing and current care paths for mechanical spine issues. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
• MRI Protocols Clinical Necessity, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images. Clinical indication for the utilization of MRI and pathologies of disc in both trauma and non-trauma sequellae, including bulge, herniation, protrusion, extrusion and sequestration.Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Degeneration/Bulges, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar degeneration. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Herniations, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar herniations. With the co-morbities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Morphology of lumbar disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad based herniations are defined and illustrated. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• MRI Interpretation of Cervical Degeneration/Bulges, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of cervical degeneration. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• MRI Interpretation of Cervical Herniations, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar herniations. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. morphology of lumbar disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad based herniations are defined and illustrated. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• MRI Interpretation of Degenerative Spine and Disc Disease with Overlapping Traumatic Insult to Both Spine and Disc, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of degenerative spondylolesthesis, spinal canal stenosis, Modic type 3 changes, central herniations, extrusions, compressions, nerve root compressions, advanced spurring and thecal sac involvement from an orthopedic, emergency room, chiropractic, neurological, neurosurgical, physical medicine perspective. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Head Trauma, Brain Injury and Concussion, Brain and head physiology, brain mapping and pathology as a sequella to trauma. Traumatic brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury, axonal shearing, diffuse axonal injury and concussion are detailed in etiology and clinically. Clinical presentation, advanced diagnostic imaging and electrodiagnostics are detailed in analysis to create a differential diagnosis. Balance disorders that often occur as a result of trauma are also explored from clinical presentation to advanced imaging and differential diagnosis. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2016
• Spinal Trauma Pathology, Triage and Connective Tissue Injuries and Wound Repair, Triaging the injured and differentially diagnosing both the primary and secondary complaints. Connective tissue injuries and wound repair morphology focusing on the aberrant tissue replacement and permanency prognosis potential. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Trauma Pathology: Ligament Anatomy and Injury Research and Spinal Kinematics, Spinal ligamentous anatomy and research focusing on wound repair, future negative sequelae of abnormal tissue replacement and the resultant aberrant kinematics and spinal biomechanics of the spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Trauma Pathology: Spinal Biomechanics, Central Nervous System and Spinal Disc Nomenclature, The application of spinal biomechanical engineering models in trauma and the negative sequelae it has on the central nervous system inclusive of the lateral horn, periaqueductal gray matter, thalamus and cortices involvement. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post -Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Trauma Pathology: Biomechanics of Traumatic Disc Bulge and Age Dating Herniated Disc Pathology,The biomechanics of traumatic disc bulges as sequella from trauma and the comorbidity of ligamentous pathology. Age-dating spinal disc pathology in accordance with Wolff’s Law. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Trauma Pathology: Clinical Grand Rounds, The review of case histories of mechanical spine pathology and biomechanical failures inclusive of case histories, clinical findings and x-ray and advanced imaging studies. Assessing comorbidities in the triage and prognosis of the injured. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Trauma Pathology: Research Perspectives, The review of current literature standards in spinal trauma pathology and documentation review of biomechanical failure, ligamentous failure and age-dating disc pathology.Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Accident Reconstruction: Terms, Concepts and Definitions, The forces in physics that prevail in accidents to cause bodily injury. Quantifying the force coefficients of vehicle mass and force vectors that can be translated to the occupant and subsequently cause serious injury. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2016
• Accident Reconstruction: Causality, Bodily Injury, Negative Acceleration Forces, Crumple Zones and Critical Documentation, Factors that cause negative acceleration to zero and the subsequent forces created for the vehicle that get translated to the occupant. Understanding critical documentation of hospitals, ambulance reports, doctors and the legal profession in reconstructing an accident. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2016
• Accident Reconstruction: Skid Marks, Time, Distance, Velocity, Speed Formulas and Road Surfaces, The mathematical calculations necessary utilizing time, distance, speed, coefficients of friction and acceleration in reconstructing an accident. The application of the critical documentation acquired from an accident site. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2016
• Accident Reconstruction: Research, Causality and Bodily Injury, Delta V issues correlated to injury and mortality, side impact crashes and severity of injuries, event data recorder reports correlated to injury, frontal impact kinematics, crash injury metrics with many variables and inquiries related to head restraints. Texas Chiropractic College , Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2016
• Orthopedic Testing: Principles, Clinical Application and Triage, Integration of orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Orthopedic Testing: Cervical Spine, Integration of cervical orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Orthopedic Testing: Lumbar Spine, Integration of lumbar orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Othropedic Testing: Clinical Grand Rounds, Integration of orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebrobasilar insufficient patients and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process. How to integrate orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebrobasilar insufficient patients and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process. Texas Chiropractic College,ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cartesian System, The Cartesian Coordinate System from the history to the application in the human body. Explanation of the x, y and z axes in both translation and rotations (thetas) and how they are applicable to human biomechanics. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Pathobiomechanics, Spinal biomechanical engineering of the cervical and upper thoracic spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Pathobiomechanics, Spinal biomechanical engineering of the lumbar spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanics in Trauma, To utilize whiplash associated disorders in various vectors of impact and whiplash mechanisms in determining pathobiomechanics. To clinically correlate annular tears, disc herniations, fractures, ligament pathology and spinal segmental instability as sequellae to pathobiomechanics from trauma. The utilization of digital motion x-ray in diagnosing normal versus abnormal facet motion along with case studies to understand the clinical application. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanical Engineering & Organizational Analysis, Integrating spinal biomechanics and pathobiomechanics through digitized analysis.The comparison of organized versus disorganized compensation with regional and global compensation. Correlation of the vestibular, occular and proprioceptive neurological integration in the righting reflex as evidenced in imaging. Digital and numerical algorithm in analyzing a spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Digital Analysis, Digitizing and analyzing the cervical spine in neutral, flexion and extension views to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes alteration of motion segment integrity (AMOSI) in both angular and translational movement. Ligament instability/failure/pathology are identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies to analyze pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Digital Analysis, Digitalizing and analyzing the lumbar spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotatioal analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Full Spine Digital Analysis, Digitalizing and analyzing the full spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics as sequellae to trauma in relation to ligamentous failure and disc and vertebral pathology as sequellae. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotatioal analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• Understanding the Values and Ethics of Interprofessional Collaboration, Developing ethical Interprofessional relationships in a patient centered paradigm to ensure better outcomes while considering cultural and personal diversity needs of patients, Accreditation Council on continuing Medical Education (ACCME) in cooperation with Medscape, 2016
• Interprofessional Communication: How Can it Improve Healthcare? The best practices in Interprofessional communication and optimizing the tools in clinical practice to benefit patient outcomes, Accreditation Council on Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) in cooperation with Medscape, 2016
• New Blood Biomarkers Useful for Concussion Diagnosis, The utilization of GFAP and UCH-l-1 in determining, traumatic brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury and mild-moderate traumatic brain injury as a triage tool to manage head trauma patients, Accreditation Council on Continuing Medical Education in cooperation with Medscape, 2016
• Impairment Rating, The understanding and utilization of the protocols and parameters of the AMA Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment 6th Edition. Spine, neurological sequelae, migraine, sexual dysfunction, sleep and arousal disorders, station and gait disorders and consciousness are detailed for impairment rating. Herniated discs, radiculopathy, fracture,dislocationa and functional loss are also detailed in relation to impairment ratings. ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2016
• MRI History and Physics, Magnetic fields, T1 and T2 relaxations, nuclear spins, phase encoding, spin echo, T1 and T2 contrast, magnetic properties of metals and the historical perspective of the creation of NMR and MRI. ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2014
• MRI Spinal Anatomy and Protocols, Normal anatomy of axial and sagittal views utilizing T1, T2, 3D gradient and STIR sequences of imaging. Standardized and desired protocols in views and sequencing of MRI examination to create an accurate diagnosis in MRI. ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2014
• MRI Disc Pathology and Spinal Stenosis, MRI interpretation of bulged, herniated, protruded, extruded, sequestered and fragmented disc pathologies in etiology and neurological sequelae in relationship to the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2014
• MRI Spinal Pathology, MRI interpretation of bone, intradural, extradural, cord and neural sleeve lesions. Tuberculosis, drop lesions, metastasis, ependymoma, schwanoma and numerous other spinal related tumors and lesions. ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2014
• MRI Methodology of Analysis, MRI interpretation sequencing of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine inclusive of T1, T2, STIR and 3D gradient studies to ensure the accurate diagnosis of the region visualized. New York Chiropractic Council, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2014
• MRI Clinical Application, The clinical application of the results of space occupying lesions. Disc and tumor pathologies and the clinical indications of manual and adjustive therapies in the patient with spinal nerve root and spinal cord insult as sequelae. ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2014
• Medical-Legal-Insurance Documentation, Accurate and compliant documentation of history and clinical findings inclusive of functional losses, loss of activities of daily living, duties under duress and permanent loss of enjoyment of life. Prognosing static vs. stable care, gaps in care both in the onset and in the middle of passive care with a focus on detailed diagnosing. The integration of chiropractic academia, the court system and the insurance reimburser’s requirements for complete documentation. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2014
• Neurodiagnostics, Imaging Protocols and Pathology of the Trauma Patient, An in-depth understanding of the protocols in triaging and reporting the clinical findings of the trauma patient. Maintaining ethical relationships with the medical-legal community. Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2013
• Diagnostics, Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation and Triaging the Trauma Patient, An extensive understanding of the injured with clinically coordinating the history, physical findings and when to integrate neurodiagnostics. An understanding on how to utilize emergency room records in creating an accurate diagnosis and the significance of “risk factors” in spinal injury. Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2013
• Crash Dynamics and Its Relationship to Causality, An extensive understanding of the physics involved in the transference of energy from the bullet car to the target car. This includes G's of force, newtons, gravity, energy, skid marks, crumple zones, spring factors, event data recorder and the graphing of the movement of the vehicle before, during and after the crash. Determining the clinical correlation of forces and bodily injury. Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2013
• MRI, Bone Scan and X-Ray Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, MRI interpretation, physiology, history and clinical indications, bone scan interpretation, physiology and clinical indications, x-ray clinical indications for the trauma patient. Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2013
• Neurodiagnostic Testing Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, Electromyography (EMG), Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV), Somato Sensory Evoked Potential (SSEP), Visual Evoked Potential (VEP), Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAER) and Visual-Electronystagmosgraphy (V-ENG) interpretation, protocols and clinical indications for the trauma patient. Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2013
• Documentation and Reporting for the Trauma Victim, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation and diagnosis utilizing the ICD-9 and the CPT to accurately describe the injury through diagnosis. Understanding and utilizing state regulations on reimbursement issues pertaining to healthcare. Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2013
• Validating Chiropractic 2012: How to use the abundance of current information on adjustments and exercise to change the natural history of chronic problems; How to improve patient function, performance, satisfaction, self-efficacy, and neuromotor control ; How to document patient progress using patient self- reports and objective physical performance tests. Life Chiropractic College West, Las Vegas, NV, 2012.
• Atlas Orthogonal Advanced Seminar: Latest research documenting efficacy of Atlas Orthogonal chiropractic and review of Atlas Orthogonal adjusting technique procedure., Sherman College of Chiropractic, Atlanta, GA, 2011
• Emergency Procedures 101, How to prepare for a medical emergency. Review of four emergency medical conditions: stroke, heart attack, difficulty breathing, and diabetic emergencies. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2011
• Basic Case Management, Basic principles of case management, including evaluation, diagnosis, setting goals, and treatments. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Documentation, Part I, Basis principles of documentation to establish medical necessity, and forms and concepts to avoid insurance audits. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Function Based Care, Part I, Basic principles of function based care, how to perform physical capacity testing, and how to prescribe specific exercises related to the patient’s ability to perform the tests. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Function Based Care, Part II, Theories of neuromuscular re-education, how to demonstrate medical necessity for these treatments, stretching exercises, and postural correction exercises. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Passive Care Modalities, Part I, Thermal therapies, electric stimulation, and TENS unit integration as effective pain management treatments. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Passive Care Modalities, Part II, Information and instruction on ultrasound, trigger point therapy, and traditional traction. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Radiculopathy: Patient assessment, Tools to effectively assess radiculopathies, including discussion on neuropathic pain syndromes, orthopedic evaluation, neurological workup, and MRI. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Understanding Whiplash, Part I, The biomechanics of low speed rear impact collisions, discussion of the S-shaped spine, general magnitudes of force, injury risk factors, and types of injuries resulting from these collisions. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• Understanding Whiplash, Part II, Specific conditions and symptoms related to whiplash, including the etiology of neck pain and headache, radiculopathy, TOS, myofascial pain syndrome, fibromyalgia, post-concussive syndrome, and TMJ. Life University, Tucson, AZ, 2010
• The Independent Medical Examination: Training for Chiropractors, An overview of performing the IME with concentration on medical record review and the history/physical examination portions of an IME. Western States Chiropractic College, Salt Lake City, UT, 2009
• Advanced Certification in Whiplash and Brain Injury Traumatology, Spine Research Institute Of San Diego, Newport Beach, CA, 2008
• Chiropractic Treatment of Auto Injuries, Management of patients post MVA, including examination, appropriate treatment options, co-management of cases with other health care professionals, and evaluating any permanent disabilities. Texas Chiropractic College, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Forensic Science 101, Develop basis for performing IME’s, expand current knowledge pertaining to IME’s, and identify risks and liabilities which may be encountered by examiners. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Forensic Science 102, Knowledge, comprehension, and understanding of the medicolegal system as it relates to the practice of forensic science, minimize risks and failures in court appearances as a practitioner, construct skill sets in forensic examination and document review. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Forensic Science 104, Documentation required by the Social Security Administration. Documentation requirements for writing an appeal and review regulations of the SSA. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Forensic Science 105, Medicolegal issues including risks and liabilities the examiner may face in electronic communications and an understanding of junk science. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Forensic Science 106, Understanding of the medicolegal system as it relates to the ethical expert witness. Minimize risks and failures in court appearances as an ethical expert witness. Develop skill sets in forensic examination and appearing as an expert witness through certification. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Forensic Science 107, Identify Daubert criteria. Preparation for facing an opposing attorney. The medicolegal system as it relates to Daubert challenges. Proving expert opinions. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Forensic Science 108, The basics of a deposition, trick questions and suggested responses. The medicolegal system as it relates to the deposition process. Skill sets in responding to questions posed in a deposition. University of Bridgeport, College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Management of the Soft Tissue Residuals: Logan College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2008
• Whiplash & Brain Injury Traumatology 2008, Module 1: Whiplash: Advanced Topics, Basic and special concepts of biomechanics, experimental whiplash studies, soft tissue lesions and common syndromes. History taking, physical examination strategies. New developments in radiographic, CT and MRI evaluation of CAD trauma. Spine Research Institute of San Diego, Newport Beach, CA, 2008
• Whiplash & Brain Injury Traumatology 2008, Module 2: Advanced Diagnostics and Treatment, Special exam procedures including contrast CT and MRI, bone scan, sonography, videofluoroscopy, and electrodiagnostics. Neurology of soft tissue injuries, head injuries and postconcussion syndrome, diagnosis making, treatment strategies, soft tissue healing, staging the injury, designing a treatment program, therapies and management. Spine Research Institute of San Diego, Newport Beach, CA, 2008
• Whiplash & Brain Injury Traumatology 2008, Module 3: Narrative Report Preparation & Accident Reconstruction, All aspects of the preparation of a narrative report. Spine Research Institute of San Diego, Newport Beach, CA, 2008
• Whiplash & Brain Injury Traumatology 2008, Module 4: Medlegal, Depositions, arbitrations, and courtroom appearances. Common defense cross examination strategies and how to deal with them effectively. Spine Research Institute of San Diego, Newport Beach, CA, 2008
• 13th Annual SRISD Scientific Conference: Spine Research Institute of San Diego, Coronado Bay CA, 2008
• Diagnostic Imaging & Testing Interpretation and Protocols: MRI Protocols and interpretation, CAT scan protocols and interpretation, EMG/NCV Protocols and utilization and International Classification of Disease trauma coding. CMCS Management Post Doctoral Education Division, New York Chiropractic Council, 2007
• Orthopedic & Neurological Evaluation, Physical examination techniques & findings. Orthopedic & neurological testing procedures and findings. Techniques to develop an accurate diagnostic impression. Overview of neuromuscular pathologies. Texas Chiropractic College, Tucson, AZ, 2007
• Validating Chiropractic 2006, How to use the abundance of current information on adjustments and exercise to change the natural history of chronic problems. How to improve patient function, self-efficacy, performance, satisfaction, and neuromotor control. How to document patient progress using patient self- reports and objective physical performance tests. Life Chiropractic College West, Las Vegas, NV, 2006
• The Logan 100-hour Whiplash Certification-Session 2, Review of injuries following MVA, Logan College of Chiropractic, Phoenix, AZ, 2005
• Chiropractic Rehabilitation, The value of specific exercise recommendations to all patients. How to teach spinal stabilization exercises in 10 minutes or less. Parker College of Chiropractic, Tucson, AZ, 2004
• Orthopedic & Neurological Evaluation, Framework of Clinical Impression. Why diagnostic procedures are necessary. Chiropractic analysis. Physical examination. Texas Chiropractic College, Tucson, AZ, 2003
• Whiplash & Spinal Trauma, Part 2, Medico-legal preparation, Negligence and causation; Traumatic brain injury mechanics, physiology, and treatment. Soft tissue damage signs, phases and residuals of healing. Gathering evidence including intake forms, examination, and treatment. Writing narratives and communicating with patients. Life Chiropractic College West, Phoenix, AZ, 2002
• Chiropractic Management of Disc Disorders, Normal Anatomy & Physiology. Incidence of Disc herniation, risk factors, mechanisms and time frames of resolution. Neurology of the healthy disc and pathophysiologies of injury; Examination and imaging for diagnosis; Treatment and correlating home care to treatment. Western States Chiropractic College, Phoenix, AZ, 2000
• National Conference on Chiropractic and Pediatrics, Palmer College of Chiropractic, Pediatric whiplash & spinal trauma; Breakthroughs in fatty acids; Pediatric adjusting; Spinal stabilization & exercises for the pregnant patient, Las Vegas, NV, 1997

SELECTED MEMBERSHIPS

• American Institute of Personal Injury Physicians, Member, 2010-present